Wondrous Treatment Of Kafirs In Islam
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Last week you read about the cruel treatment of women in Islam. I shall continue along the same lines and write about the horrible treatment of kafirs (non-Muslims) by Muslims which the Quran completely justifies.
To understand this cruel treatment by the Muslims one has to understand why Islam was originated. As Anwar Sheikh, a free thinker has said in his book, Islam is nothing but a Arab National Movement. This movement was the dream of Mohammed who wanted everything under his control. Islam was a convenient religious excuse for him to do this.
For this movement to be successful, Mohammed had to find a way to control mindless people and
justify the brutal merciless killings. Thus Islam was devised and propagated by a band of dacoits.
To start with, the Great Mohammed divided the Arabian society in two tight compartments: Momins (and) Kafirs. The word momin means believer in Mohammed and Allah. In contrast a kafir is a non-believer. The momins did not have to be better men than the Kafirs in terms of character or consciousness. Momins had only to recite the Kalima (incantation)- “there is no God but Allah and Mohammed is his Prophet.” By doing that the ‘momins’ become qualified to kill as many kafirs as they could or pleased, looting and burning their belongings and enslaving their women and children in the process.
The momins were not of course risking their lives for nothing. Four-fifths of the booty and prisoners captured in war was theirs in accordance with the law laid down in the Quran by the prophet himself. The prisoners included quite a number of fair and young maidens who could set any momin’s mouth watering. No wonder that the infant state of Islam at Medina was able to assemble very soon quite a number of dedicated swordsmen without spending a penny from its own coffers. The principle of free enterprise applied to plunder an pillage was functioning with full force.
The prophet of Islam proclaimed that Allah has assigned the whole world to the momins. Not a patch was to be left for the kafirs to dwell. But it seems that Allah’s knowledge of geography was not so good. It looks like Allah’s Prophet Mohammed had not heard of many lands beyond Syria, Iraq, Persia, Ethiopia, and Egypt. Notwithstanding this lack of geographical knowledge, the prophet divided the world in two contending spheres–darul-Islam(the zone of peace where the Muslims were the dominant element) and darul-Harb (the zone of war where the kafirs or non-Muslims held sway). Anwar Sheikh says,
“The philosophy that lies behind Islam is stunning and proves the consummate political skill of the Prophet Mohammed: by declaring all Muslims as one nation and the non-Muslims as another, he created the Two Nation Theory, perpetually setting Muslims against non-Muslims. Again, he stressed that in this struggle the Muslims would be victorious.”
We see this philosophy in practice in the modern times. The partition of India was based totally on
this. Here Pakistan and Bangladesh are darul-Islam whereas India is darul-Harb. The recent religious wars in Bosnia were also based on this.
Anwar Sheikh further says,
“I am referring to the prophet’s declaration that Allah has made him the Model of Practice for his followers. It has come to mean that the Muslims must copy him in everything, they must eat, drink, walk and talk like him, even must look like him, that is, they grow beard like his, have a similar hair-cut and dress like him. This is what is called followings the Sunnah .i.e., the Prophetic: odel which is the guarantee of salvation. One can easily say that Islam has been designed to induce
respect and love for Arabia. There are express commands of the Prophet, which state that a person is not Muslim until he loves him more than his own father and mother. The idea is that people must be weaned from their own nationalities and motherlands, and attached firmly to Mecca. This is the reason that the Muslims of India call their own homeland as the battlefield and Arabia the fountain of peace and celestial glory. Now, it is perhaps, easy for you to understand why the Muslims of India partitioned their own motherland for practicing the Arab cultural values in Pakistan (and Bangladesh).”
To ensure the superiority of darul- Islam the prophet, Mohammed took the following steps:
1. When Adam was evicted from paradise, he came to Mecca where he built the first house of God. Thus, he identifies Godliness with Kabba, a sanctuary of Mecca where God lives.
2. For the purpose of imposing Arab psychological superiority on non-Arab Muslims, he decreed that they must prostrate five-times- a-day facing Mecca. This is not only an act of submission to Mecca, the capital city of Arabia, but also proves beyond a shadow of doubt that God lives in Mecca, otherwise why should people prostrate in that direction?
3. A Muslim must not defecate himself or answer the call of nature facing Mecca. It is a blasphemous act in view of the sanctity of Mecca.
4. When Muslims die, they must be buried facing Mecca, which is the guarantee of their salvation.
5. To make sure that the Arabs enjoy economic opulence, the Prophet made Hajj as obligatory ritual for his followers. It is a pilgrimage to Mecca. There are countless Indian Muslims who sell their homes and personal belongings to undertake this journey.
The Muslims must love Arabia because the prophet did so. They must follow him as the Divine Model of Practice. This is what Islam expects of Muslims. If they don’t, they are sure to enter hell because the Prophet will not intercede on their behalf. Intercession is the special power of the Prophet Mohammed. He will recommend paradise for his followers on the Day of Judgment. His recommendation is final and Allah cannot deny it. It is available to all murderers, rapists, arsonists, cheats, thugs, pickpockets and pimps provided they are followers of the Prophet. On the contrary, ll Hindus, Sikhs, Jews, Christians will be cast into a flaming hell, no matter, how pious and God-fearing they may have been. Piety has no meaning and value without believing in Mohammed and the greatness of his homeland. Intercession is the climax of the Prophet’s National wisdom–It is this Muslim belief which gives them the hope of free sex and economic abundance, and they feel obliged to kill in the name of Islam. This is why they are ever ready to stab their motherland. After all, caring about one’s country entails sacrifices whereas the comforts of paradise are sweet and splendid. And it is especially so when they involve no moral responsibility.
After reading the above passages you should be able to comprehend the true nature of a Muslim and the reason behind the countless killings, rapes, arsons, and loots done by Muslims throughout history. Now I will quote from the Quran below to support what I have stated above. The chapters and verse numbers are also stated here for reference.
Verses from the Koran:
VIII/12: When thy Lord inspired the angels (saying:) I am with you. So make those who believe stand firm. I will throw fear into the hearts of those who disbelieve. Then smite the necks and smite of them each finger.
Here one can clearly see that the Quran is openly saying to the Muslims to give a torturous death to those who are non-believers of the Islamic faith.
XCVIII/6: Lo! those who disbelieve, among the people of the Scripture and idolaters, will abide in fire of hell. They are the worst of created beings.
From the above passage you can clearly see that according to Mohammed, Allah has reserved a special place for non- Muslims–HELL!
IX/5: Then when the sacred months have passed, slay the idolaters wherever ye find them, and take them (captive), and besiege them, and prepare for them each ambush. But if they repent and establish worship and pay the poor- due, then leave their way free. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.
This verse tells us that Muslims are free to convert non-Muslims by force and brutality. If unsuccessful in doing so, they are free to kill.
IX/73: Oh Prophet! Strive against the disbelievers and the hypocrites! Be harsh with them. Their ultimate abode is hell, a hapless journey’s end.
LXIX/30-37: (It will be said)Take him and fetter him and expose him to hell fire. And then insert him in a chain whereof the length is seventy cubits. Lo! he used not to believe in Allah the tremendous, and urged not on the feeding of the wretched. Therefore hath he no lover hear this day nor any food save filth which none but sinners eat.
Here we get a description of how to punish Non Muslims. This is in practice even today in Islamic countries. In fact, the Sikh Gurus and their families were tortured by Muslims as prescribed in the Quran. For example, Sikh guru Tegh Bahadur on refusing to accept Islam, was brought to the prison in a cage like he was a wild animal. Three of his disciples were murdered in front of him. One of them was Bhai Mati Das. He was sawed alive. The other was wrapped up in cotton and burnt alive. Bhai Dyala, the third one, was boiled alive. Guru Tegh Bahadur himself was brutally tortured and killed in a similar fashion. We see further support of these types of torments in the verses below.
XLIV/43-50: LO! the tree of Zaqqum (The tree that grows in the heart of hell bearing fruits like devil’s heads) – the food of the sinner. Like molten brass, it seetheth in their bellies as the seething of boiling water. (And it will be said): Take him and drag him to the midst of hell, then pour upon his head the torment of boiling water. Saying: TASTE! LO! thou wast forsooth the mighty, the noble! Lo! this is that whereof ye used to doubt.
IX/123: O ye who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who are near to you and let them find harshness in you and know that Allah is with those who keep their duty (unto Him).
IV/144: O Ye who believe! choose not disbelievers for your friends in place of believers. Would you give Allah a clear warrant against you ?
This verse clarifies the fact that a true Muslim can never be a friend of a person of another faith. People who believe otherwise are under delusion.
IX/29: Fight those who do not profess the true faith (Islam) till they pay the jiziya (poll tax) with the hand of humility.
This verse in Quran gave birth to the law that all non Muslims living in an Islamic state have to pay the jiziya or poll tax for the privilege of being there. These people are called zimmis and are allowed to live and work in the Islamic lands under the following 20 disabilities: (one has to wonder if apartheid was derived from this)
1. They are not to build any new places of worship.
2. They are not to repair any old places of worship which have been destroyed by the
Muslims.
3. They are not to prevent Muslim travelers from staying in their places of worship.
4. They are to entertain for 3 days any Muslim who wants to stay in their homes and for a
longer period if the Muslim falls ill.
5. They are not to harbor any hostility or give aid and comfort to hostile elements.
6. They are not to prevent any one of them from getting converted to Islam.
7. They have to show respect to every Muslim.
8. They have to allow Muslims to participate in their private meetings.
9. They are not to dress like Muslims.
10. They are not to name themselves with Muslim names.
11. They are not to ride on horses with saddle and bridle.
12. They are not to possess arms.
13. They are not to wear signet or seals on their fingers.
14. They are not to sell or drink liquor openly
15. They are to wear a distinctive dress which shows their inferior status and separates them from Muslims.
16. They are not to propagate their custom and usages among the Muslims.
17. They are not to build their houses in the neighborhood of Muslims.
18. They are not to bring their dead near the graveyards of the Muslims.
19. They are not to observe their religious practices publicly or mourn their dead loudly.
20. They are not to buy Muslim slaves.
Here again I have stated another handful of facts which expose the true nature of Islam. Any logical person by now should have realized that Islam is meant for the lowest of the low. The followers of Islam are mindless tyrannical demons who know nothing better than killing and torturing people in the name of Allah. And they do this because a pervert named Mohammed, among other things, promised his followers 72 Houris (Beautiful Virgin Women) and virility of 100 men in ‘Jannat’ (Heaven). This is very puzzling–why virility of 100 men and only 72 houris? Why not 100 houris? The answer is very simple–the prophet Mohammed promises these “pious” Muslims that they will also be given 28 young boys in addition to the 72 houris for their sexual pleasure.
NOTE: The works of A. Ghosh and Anwar Sheikh have been used in this article.
Destruction Of Hindu Temples By Muslims – Part I
Tejo Mahalaya, a Hindu temple-palace which is now known as the Taj Mahal is just one example of Islamic barbarianism as shown by me in the previous week’s article– Taj Mahal – A Hindu Temple Palace. Hundreds and thousands of monuments and buildings all over the world have been converted to mosques and other Islamic buildings. India, as I had mentioned earlier, has suffered the most amount of destruction by these devilish fiends.
The evidence of destruction of thousands of Hindu temples can be primarily found from two different sources:
1. Literary Evidence from the work of renowned Islamic historians.
2. Epigraphic Evidence from the inscriptions on numerous Mosques all over India.
In this article, I will deal with only the literary evidence. A separate article will be devoted to the epigraphic evidence.
This article is just one of the series of articles that I will be publishing regarding the plunder and conversion of Hindu temples to mosques. Hundreds of Muslim historians have glorified the deeds of their Muslim heroes all over India. I will just cite a fraction of the literary evidence available in these series of articles. This by no means is an exhaustive list! To learn more about this please read both the volumes of book, Hindu Temples: What Happened To Them?, authored by Sita Ram Goel and many others.
We have elaborate literary evidence from the Islamic sources which glorify the crimes committed by the Muslims in India. Crimes such as desecration of the Hindu idols, looting of the temples, killing devotees and raping have been well documented by the Muslim historians themselves. They have done so because according to them these Muslim rulers by doing such deeds were following the tenets of Islam and Sunnah of the prophet Mohammed. This brings me back to my original point which I have made in my earlier articles: Islam not only justifies rape, murder, plunder and destruction, but in fact, it was originated to attract followers with such inclination. To know more about this read my previous article, Excessive Kindness Of Islam.
The literary evidence stated below is in chronological order with reference to the time at which a particular work was written.
Name Of The Book: Hindustan Islami Ahad mein (India under Islamic Rule)
Name Of The Historian: Maulana Abdul Hai.
About The Author: He is a highly respected scholar and taken as an authority on Islamic history. Because of his scholarship and his services to Islam, Maulana Abdul Hai was appointed as the Rector of the Darul Nadwa Ullum Nadwatal-Ulama. He continued in that post till his death in February 1923.
The following section is taken from the chapter Hindustan ki Masjidein (The mosques of India) of the above mentioned book. Here we can see a brief description of few important mosques in India and how each one of them was built upon plundered Hindu temples.
1. Qawwat al-Islam Mosque at Delhi: “According to my findings the first mosque of Delhi is Qubbat al-Islam or Quwwat al_Islam which, Qutubud-Din Aibak constructed in H. 587 after demolishing the Hindu temple built by Prithvi Raj and leaving certain parts of the temple outside the mosque proper; and when he returned from Ghazni in H. 592 he started building, under orders from Shihabud -Din Ghori, a huge mosque of inimitable red stones, and certain parts of the temple were included in the mosque…”
2. The Mosque at Jaunpur: “This was built by Sultan Ibrahim Sharqi with chiselled stones. Originally it was a Hindu temple after demolishing which he constructed the mosque. It is known as the Atala Masjid..”
3. The Mosque at Qanauj: “It is well known that this mosque was built on the foundations of some Hindu temple that stood here. The mosque was built by Ibrahim Sharqi in H. 809 as is recorded in Gharbat Nigar”
4. Jami Masjid at Etwah: “This mosque stands on the bank of the Jamuna at Etawah. There was a Hindu temple at this place, on the site of which this mosque was constructed..”
5. Babri Masjid at Ayodhya: “This mosque was constructed by Babar at Ayodhya which Hindus call the birth place of Ramchandraji… Sita had a temple here in which she lived and cooked for her husband. On that very site Babar constructed this mosque in H.963 ”
6. Mosque at Benaras: “Mosque of Benares was built by Alamgir Aurangzeb on the site of Bisheshwar Temple. That temple was very tall and held as holy among Hindus. On this very site and with those very stones he constructed a lofty mosque, and its ancient stones were rearranged after being embedded in the walls of the mosque. It is one of the renowned mosques of Hindustan.”
7. Mosque at Mathura: “Alamgir Aurangzeb built a mosque at Mathura. This mosque was built on site of the Govind Dev Temple which was very strong and beautiful as well as exquisite..”
Name Of The Book: Futuhu’l-Buldan
Name Of The Historian: Ahmed bin Yahya bin Jabir
About The Author: This author is also known as al- Biladhuri. He lived at the court of Khalifa Al- Mutawakkal (AD 847-861) and died in AD 893. His history is one of the major Arab chronicles.
The Muslim Rulers He Wrote About:
1. Ibn Samurah (AD 653) Siestan (Iran)
“On reaching Dawar, he surrounded the enemy in the mountain of Zur, where there was a famous Hindu temple.” “…Their idol of Zur was of gold, and its eyes were two rubies. The zealous Musalmans cut off its hands and plucked out its eyes, and then remarked to the Marzaban how powerless was his idol…”
2. Qutaibah bin Muslim al-Bahili (AD 705-715) Samarkand (Farghana)
“Other authorities say that Kutaibah granted peace for 700,000 dirhams and entertainment for the Moslems for three days. The terms of surrender included also the houses of the idols and the fire temples. The idols were thrown out, plundered of their ornaments and burned…”
3.Mohammed bin Qasim (AD 712-715) Debal (Sindh)
“…The town was thus taken by assault, and the carnage endured for three days. The governor of the town, appointed by Dahir, fled and the priests of the temple were massacred. Muhammad marked a place for the Musalmans to dwell in, built a mosque, and left 4,000 Musalmans to garrison the place…”
“…’Ambissa son of Ishak Az Zabbi, the governor of Sindh, in the Khilafat of Mu’tasim billah knocked down the upper part of the minaret of the temple and converted it into a prison…”
Multan (Punjab)
“…He then crossed the Biyas, and went towards Multan…Muhammad destroyed the water-course; upon which the inhabitants, oppressed with thirst, surrendered at discretion. He massacred the men capable of bearing arms, but the children were taken captive, as well as ministers of the temple, to the number of 6,000. The Musalmans found there much gold in a chamber ten cubits long by eight broad…”
4. Hasham bin ‘Amru al-Taghlabi Khandahar (Maharashtra)
“He then went to Khandahar in boats and conquered it. He destroyed the Budd (idol) there, and built in its place a mosque.”
Name Of The Book: Tarikh-i-Tabari
Name Of The Historian: Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Jarir at-Tabari
About The Author: This author is considered to be the foremost historian of Islam. The above mentioned book written by him is regarded as the mother of histories.
The Muslim Rulers He Wrote About:
1.Qutaibah bin Muslim al-Bahili (AD 705-715) Beykund (Khurasan)
“The ultimate capture of Beykund (in AD 706) rewarded him with an incalculable booty; even more than had hitherto fallen into the hands of the Mohammedans by the conquest of the entire province of Khorassaun; and the unfortunate merchants of the town, having been absent on a trading excursion while their country was assailed by the enemy, and finding their habitations desolate on their return contributed further to enrich the invaders, by the ransom which they paid for the recovery of their wives and children. The oranments alone, of which these women had been plundered, being melted down, produce, in gold, 150,000 meskals; of a dram and a half each. Among the articles of the booty, is also described an image of gold, of 50,000 meskals, of which the eyes were two pearls, the exquisite beauty and magnitude of which excited the surprise and admiration of Kateibah. They were transmitted by him, with a fifth of the spoil to Hejauje, together with a request that he might be permitted to distribute, to the troops, the arms which had been found in the palace in great profusion.”
Samarkand (Farghana)
“A breach was, however, at last effected in the walls of the city in AD 712 by the warlike machines of Kateibah; and some of the most daring of its defenders having fallen by the skill of his archers, the besieged demanded a cessation of arms to the following day, when they promised to capitulate. The request was acceded to the Kateibah; and a treaty was the next day accordingly concluded between him and the prince of Samarkand, by which the latter engaged for the annual payment of ten million of dhirems, and a supply of three thousand slaves; of whom it was particularly stipulated, that none should either be in a state of infancy, or ineffective from old age
and debility. He further contracted that the ministers of his religion should be expelled from their temples and their idols destroyed and burnt; that Kateibah should be allowed to establish a mosque in the place of the principal temple….”
“…Kateibah accordingly set set fire to the whole collection with his own hands; it was soon consumed to ashes, and 50,000 meskals of gold and silver, collected from the nails which had been used in the workmanship of the images.”
2. Yaqub bin Laith (AD 870-871)
Balkh and Kabul (Afghanistan)
“He took Bamian, which he probably reached by way of Herat, and then marched on Balkh where he ruined (the temple) Naushad. On his way back from Balkh he attacked Kabul…”
“Starting from Panjhir, the place he is known to have visited, he must have passed through the capital city of the Hindu Sahis to rob the sacred temple — the reputed place of coronation of the Sahi rulers — of its sculptural wealth…”
“The exact details of the spoil collected from Kabul valley are lacking. The Tarikh [-i-Sistan] records 50 idols of gold and silver and Mas’udi mentions elephants. The wonder excited in Baghdad by baghdad by elephants and pagan idols forwarded to the Caliph by Ya’qub also speaks for their high value.”
Name Of The Book: Tarikhu’l-Hind
Name Of The Historian: Abu Rihan Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Biruni al-Khwarizmi.
About The Author: This author spent 40 years in India during the reign of Sultan Mahmud
of Ghazni (AD 997 – 1030). His history treats of the literature and learning of the Hindus
at the commencement of the 11th century.
The Muslim Rulers He Wrote About:
1.Jalam ibn Shaiban (9th century AD)
Multan (Punjab)
“A famous idol of theirs was that of Multan, dedicated to the sun, and therefore called Aditya. It was of wood and covered with red Cordovan leather; in its two eyes were two red rubies. It is said to have been made in the last Kritayuga When Muhammad Ibn Alkasim Ibn Almunaibh conquered Multan, he inquired how the town had become so very flourishing and so many treasures had there been accumulated, and then he found out that this idol was the cause, for there
came pilgrims from all sides to visit it. Therefore he thought it best to have the idol where it was, but he hung a piece of cow’s flesh on its neck by way of mockery. On the same place a mosque was built. When the Karmatians occupied Multan, Jalam Ibn Shaiban, the usurper, broke the idol into pieces and killed its priests…”
2. Sultan Mahmud of Gazni (AD 997-1030)
Thanesar (Haryana)
“The city of Taneshar is highly venerated by Hindus. The idol of that place is called Cakrasvamin, i.e. the owner of the cakra, a weapon which we have already described. It is of bronze, and is nearly the size of a man. It is now lying in the hippodrome in Ghazna, together with the Lord of Somnath, which is a representation of the penis of the Mahadeva, called Linga.”
Somnath (Gujrat)
“The linga he raised was the stone of Somnath, for soma means the moon and natan means master, so that the whole word means master of the moon. The image was destroyed by the Prince Mahmud, may God be merciful to him! –AH 416. He ordered the upper part to be broken and the remainder to be transported to his residence, Ghaznin, with all its coverings and trappings of gold, jewels, and embroided garments. Part of it has been thrown into the hippodrome of the town, together with Cakrasvamin , an idol of bronze, that had been brought from Taneshar. Another part of the idol from Somnath lies before the door of the mosque of Ghaznin, on which people rub their feet to clean them from dirt and wet.”
Name Of The Book: Kitabu’l-Yamini
Name Of The Historian: Abu Nasr Muhammad ibn Muhammad al Jabbaru’l-Utbi.
About The Author: This author’s work comprises the whole of the reign of Subuktigin and
that of Sultan Mahmud down to the year AD 1020.
The Muslim Rulers He Wrote About:
1. Amir Sbuktigin Of Ghazni
Lamghan (Afghanistan)
“The Amir marched out towards Lamghan, which is a city celebrated for its great strength and abounding wealth. He conquered it and set fire to the places in its vicinity which were inhabited by infidels, and demolishing idol temples, he established Islam in them. He marched and captured other cities and killed the polluted wretches, destroying the idolaters and gratifying the Musulmans.”
2. Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni (AD 997-1030)
Narain (Rajasthan)
“The Sultan again resolved on an expedition to Hind, and marched towards Narain, urging his horses and moving over ground, hard and soft, until he came to the middle of Hind, where he reduced chiefs, who, up to that time obeyed no master, overturned their idols, put to the sword the vagabonds of that country, and with delay and circumspection proceeded to accomplish his design…”
Nardin (Punjab)
“After the Sultan had purified Hind from idolatry, and raised mosques therein, he determined to invade the capital of Hind to punish those who kept idols and would not acknowledge the unity of God…He marched with a large army in the year AH 404 (AD 1013) during a dark night…”
“A stone was found there in the temple of the great Budda on which an inscription was written purporting that the temple had been founded 50,000 years ago. The Sultan was surprised at the ignorance of these people, because those who believe in the true faith represent that only seven hundred years have elapsed since the creation of the world, and the signs of resurrection are even now approaching . The Sultan asked his wise men the meaning of this inscription and they all concurred in saying that it was false, and no faith was to be put in the evidence of a stone.”
Thanesar (Haryana)
“The chief of Tanesar was…obstinate in his infidelity and denial of God. So the Sultan marched against him with his valiant warriors, for the purpose of planting the standards of Islam and extirpating idolatry..”
“The blood of the infidels flowed so copiously, that the stream was discoloured, not withstanding its purity, and people were unable to drink it…The victory gained by God’s grace, who has established Islam for ever as the best religions, notwithstanding that idolaters revolt against it…Praise be to God, the protector of the world, for the honour he bestows upon Islam and Musulmans.”
Mathura (Uttar Pradesh)
“The Sultan then departed from the environs of the city, in which was a temple of the Hindus. The name of this place was Mahartul Hind… On both sides of the city there were a thousand houses, to which idol temples were attached, all strengthened from top to bottom by rivets of iron, and all made of masonry work…”
“In the middle of the city there was a temple larger and firmer than the rest, which can neither be described nor painted. The Sultan thus wrote respecting it: –‘If any should wish to construct a building equal to this, he would not be able to do it without expending an 100,000,000 red dinars, and it would occupy 200 years even though the most experience and able workmen were employed’… The Sultan gave orders that all temples should be burnt with naptha and fire, and levelled with the ground.”
Kanauj (Uttar Pradesh)
“In Kanauj there were nearly 10,000 temples, which the idolaters falsely and absurdly represented to have been founded by their ancestors two or three hundred thousand years ago…Many of the inhabitants of the place fled and were scattered abroad like so many wretched widows and orphans, from the fear which oppressed them, in consequence of witnessing the fate of their deaf and dumb idols. Many of them thus effected their escape, and those who did not fly were put to death.”
Part II will follow next week.
–xxx–